高考英語閱讀理解技巧優化攻略

篇1：高考英語閱讀理解技巧優化攻略

　　高考即將開戰，你準備好了嗎？高考網小編為各位考生整理了一些高考復習方法，供大家參考閱讀！

　　專題1  閱讀理解專題之----主旨大意題

　　【設問形式】

　　1.主旨大意題之標題歸納題常見設問形式：

　　1）What may/can be the best title for the text?

　　2）The best title for the text would be______.

　　3）Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

　　4）What might be the most suitable title for the text?

　　....

　　2.主旨大意題之主題歸納題常見的設問形式：

　　1）The main idea of the passage is…

　　2）The passage is mainly about…

　　3）Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?

　　4）What is the passage mainly about?

　　......

　　【考查方式】

　　高考閱讀理解主旨大意題的考查旨在考查學生對一篇文章或一個段落的深層次理解和把握其主旨大意的能力。一般針對某一語段或某一語篇的主題、標題設題。這類題目一般考查：概括總結文章的主題、文章標題、段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基礎上能較好地運用概括、判斷、歸納、推理等邏輯思維方法，對文章進行高度概括和總結，要求學生通過快速閱讀獲取語篇中心思想的能力，辨別篩選信息的能力。

　　1. 主旨大意題之標題歸納題解題思路：

　　在閱讀理解中，通常利用找中心句來確定文章標題。首先通讀文章，找到文章的中心句，根據中心句的關鍵詞來確定最佳標題。同時，在選標題的時候還要注意以下幾個問題：

　　1）首先要在對原文的理解基礎上仔細考慮所選標題是否符合文章的中心思想，同時關注標題對文章的內容的覆蓋性如何，避免題目范圍過大或過小。

　　2）確定文章標題時要注意容易犯的幾個錯誤：①涵蓋內容片面，以偏概全 ②標題過于籠統，過于概括。

　　3）把文章內容擴大了范圍而不能很好地對應文章的中心思想。③標題集中在一些文章的事實或細節而沒有對文章的中心思想有一個提升和概括。④選標題時要站在作者和原文的角度理解上，不要自己主觀臆斷。

　　2.主旨大意題之主題歸納題解題思路：

　　歸納總結主題包括對整篇文章和對段落的大意總結。對整篇文章的大意總結一是需要利用文章的主題段來把握文章的中心思想。主題段通常出現在文章開頭和結尾。主要信息來把握文章脈絡，再進行綜合歸納，概括出文章的主題。

　　對段落大意的總結和概括主要通過尋找主題句的方法來完成。主題句的特點是由于文章的結構不同，主題句出現的位置通常也不同。①主題句在開頭：先提出觀點，再舉例論證或細節解釋觀點。②主題句在末尾：先表述細節或舉例，再歸納結論或結果。③主題句在中間：開頭先介紹背景或細節，中間綜合或概括出主題，后面再用具體的事實進一步說明或發展前面的主題。④首尾呼應：開頭點出主題，中間加以解釋，末尾再次強調主題或對前面的事實做出進一步的概括，雖然前后主題中心思想一致，但表述不盡相同。⑤無主題句：注意反復出現的關鍵詞，再進行歸納總結。

　　實戰演練

　　【例題】

　　1. 主旨大意題之標題歸納題： 全國卷1 C

　　Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(聯合) voice across cultures.

　　Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.

　　It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.

　　“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,”Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.”

　　Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,”says Moran.

　　Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,”says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,”says Moran, “So I want to continue those dialogue. Those are the things I want to foster.”

　　31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

　　A．Exploring the Future of jazz.

　　B．The Rise and Fall of jazz.

　　C．The Story of a jazz Musician.

　　D．Celebrating the Jazz Day.

　　解析：文章首段點出：UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(聯合) voice across cultures.聯合國教科文組織為了保護爵士樂，設立國際爵士樂日。及結合全文，尤其第三至六段提及Jason Moran對爵士樂的看法及希望，可以得出最佳的標題是A---“探索爵士樂的未來”更符合文章的中心思想。

　　2. 主旨大意題之主題歸納題： 全國卷1  C

　　Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was sill populated by hunter-gatherers , small tightly knit (聯系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 1200 languages between them.

　　Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.

　　At present, the world has about 6800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots,often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1000; Africa 2400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位數) of speakers is a mere 6000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.

　　Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busum in Cameroon(eight remaining Speaker), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark) none of these seems to have much chance of survival.

　　31. What is the main idea of the text?

　　A.New languages will be created.

　　B.People’s lifestyles are reflected in fewer languages.

　　C.Human development results in fewer languages.

　　D. Geography determines language evolution.

　　解析：文章的首段點出文章的主題：Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.增加的語言少，消失的語言多，再結合文章按照時間順序講述了人類發展的進程和語言的消失。所以我們可以得出C答案。

　　【舉一反三】

　　A

　　At the age of seven, while his friends were spending their allowances on candy and toys, Jose Adolfo Quisocola, from Peru, came up with the creative idea of an eco-bank, which allows kids of all ages to become economically independent and financially wise while also helping the environment.

　　Established in , The Bartselana Student Bank is the world’s first cooperative bank for kids. Whoever wants to join has to bring in at least 5 kilograms(11 pounds) of solid waste(paper or plastic) and establish a savings goal. Once accepted, all bank “partners” are required to deposit at least one additional kilogram(2.2 pounds) of recyclables on a monthly basis and obey other requirements, such as attending financial education and environmental management workshops. The waste accumulated is sold to local recycling companies, who, thanks to some clever negotiation by Jose, pay a higher-than-market rate for everything brought in by Bartselana Student Bank members. The funds received are placed in the individual’s account where they collect until his／her savings goal is reached. The account holder can then withdraw his／her money, or choose to leave it and continue to grow for a bigger target.

　　“At the beginning, my teachers thought I was crazy or that a child could not undertake this type of project, ” Jose recalls. “They did not understand that we are not the future of the country but its present. Luckily, I had the support of the school principal and an assistant in my classroom.”

　　The youngster’s persistence paid off. Today, the eco-bank, which now has the support of several local institutions, has ten educational centers and begins accepting applications from kids all across Peru. On November 20, , the young boy was awarded the famous Children’s Climate Prize (CCP). “Jose’s eco-bank is a brilliant way of linking economy and climate impact, both in thought and practice. The potential impact is amazing,” a judge said.

　　Hopefully, Jose’s success will inspire more kids and adults to come up with new ideas that create value while helping the environment. As the boy says,” Together we can change the world…we just need an opportunity…”

　　1. What can be a suitable title for the passage?

　　A. An Amazing Boy，Jose

　　B. Recycling does Count Much

　　C. An Opportunity to Change the World

　　D. An Eco-bank, Economical and Ecological

　　B

　　Solar energy systems/power plants do not produce air pollution, water pollution, or greenhouse gases. Using solar energy can have a positive, indirect effect on the environment, when solar energy replaces or reduces the use of other energy sources that have larger effects on the environment.

　　However, some poisonous materials and chemicals are used to make the photovoltaic (光電池的) cells that convert sunlight into electricity. Some solar thermal (保熱的) systems use potentially hazardous liquids to transfer heat. Leaks of these materials could be harmful to the environment. U. S. environmental laws regulate the use and settlement of these types of materials.

　　As with any type of power plant, large solar power plants can affect the environment near their locations. The placement of the power plant may have long-term effects on the habitats of native plants and animals. Some solar power plant-s may require water for cleaning solar collectors and concentrators or for cooling turbine generators. Using large volumes of ground water or surface water in some dry locations may affect the ecosystems that depend on these water resources. In addition, the beam of concentrated sunlight a solar power tower creates can kill birds and insects that fly into the beam.

　　The amount of solar energy that the earth receives each day is many times greater than the total amount of all energy that people consume each day. However, on the surface of the earth, solar energy is a variable and irregular energy source. The amount of sunlight and the intensity of sunlight varies by time of day and location. Weather and climate conditions affect the availability of sunlight daily and on a seasonal basis. The type and size of a solar energy collection and conversion system determines how much of the available solar energy we can convert into useful energy.

　　2. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?

　　A. Different areas receive different amount of solar energy.

　　B. How to convert solar energy into useful energy.

　　C. The relationship between solar energy collection and the sunlight.

　　D. Some factors that influence the amount of solar energy collection.

　　3. What does the author think of the solar energy systems?

　　A. They are totally environment-friendly.

　　B. They have both advantages and disadvantages. C. They should be forbidden in the future.

　　D. They should be encouraged in quantities.

　　解析：

　　1. 標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了秘魯一位年輕人Jose Adolfo Quisocola創立的生態銀行，它讓各個年齡段的孩子在經濟上獨立，經濟上明智，同時也幫助環境。因此D項“生態銀行，經濟又環保”適合作本文最佳標題。故D選項正確。

　　2. 段落大意題。第三段主要是關于影響太陽能的因素，陽光的數量和強度，天氣和氣候條件，太陽能轉換系統等都會影響太陽能的使用。故選D。

　　3. 推測判斷題。作者在文中提到了太陽能對環境保護的好處，同時也提出太陽能的一些劣勢，比如會破壞生態平衡，不穩定。由此可以看出作者認為太陽能既有好處，也有不好的地方，選B。

　　專題2 閱讀理解專題之----文章出處及文體類型題

　　【設問形式】

　　判斷文章出處及文體類型題常見設問形式：

　　5）The passage is most likely to be taken from______.

　　6）Where would this passage most probably appear?

　　7）The passage is most likely a part of______.

　　8）Where does this text probably come from?

　　5）What type of writing is this text?

　　【考查方式】

　　高考閱讀理解文章出處的考查旨在考查學生對一篇文章的內容的理解及對各種文章出處的特點和常識，對文章的體裁和題材的準確把握能力。幾乎所有話題都有可能涉及文章出處、文章類別的的閱讀題目。

　　解答文章出處和文體類型題主要從文章的體裁和題材內容來作出判斷。考生需要在理解文章的基礎上去了解各種出處的特點，以便結合文章的內容、關鍵詞作出準確的判斷。首先注意常見的出處類型的特點：如①新聞報道(newspaper)的首段通常為導語，包括人物、時間、地點或事件等；②科普類雜志(science magazine)或科普類說明文常會出現scientists have found; the research/study shows that...等表明實驗結果的句子；雜志的文章更為豐富，話題更具體，語言比較輕松活潑；③廣告(advertisement)的用詞和格式特殊，很好辨認，廣告可能會談到某產品的特色、價格等，會透露出鼓勵讀者去了解和購買的信息。④產品說明，器皿、設備的使用說明會有產品名稱或操作方式，而藥品的服用說明會有服用時間、次數、用量等。⑤研究報告(report),語言嚴肅認真，文章往往保護具體的數據或事實依據，實際情況等。⑥課本教材(textbook),會使用教化性的語言，說理講解味較為濃厚，對閱讀對象的指向性很明確。⑦傳記(biography):歷史性強，時間線索比較明顯，往往包含重要事件。⑧科幻小說(science fiction):內容多為對某些尚未出現或發現的科學發明等進行想象和預測。⑨旅行指南(travel guide/guide book): 給旅游者提供一些旅游信息，介紹當地的一些好去處，如：餐館、公園、旅游景點等 ⑩網站(website)內容廣泛，文章常出現click等網絡用語。

　　實戰演練

　　【例題】1. 全國1  B篇

　　They baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert (警覺)。Twenty  centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other,her gaze(凝視) starts to lose its focus - until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns；she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?

　　Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment,but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb,a key,an orange and so on),changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make,as opposed to three? No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同樣地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

　　63.Where does this text probably come from?

　　A.Science fiction.  B.Children’s literature.  C.An advertisement.  D.A science report.

　　解析：文章主要講通過研究人員的實驗，來證明嬰兒具備感知數量的能力。根據題材內容判讀符合研究報告的特點，所以選D

　　【舉一反三】

　　A

　　There was a lot of news related to artificial intelligence, or AI, and machine learning. Among the stories were two dealing with direct competitions between humans and machines.

　　In one competition, machines that used AI performed better than human beings in a high-level reading test. Two natural language processing tools beat human in the experiment. One of the tools was built by the American technology company Microsoft. The other was created by Chinese online seller Alibaba Group.

　　In another competition, a computer took on humans in live, public debates. The event demonstrated how AI-powered computers are increasingly being developed to think and sound like humans. The organizer of the debates, U. S. technology company IBM, announced split results. It said a majority of those watching said they felt the machine had done more to improve their knowledge of the subject. But, the human got more praise for communicating their ideas.

　　This year, we also explored the many ways AI and machine learning are now being used. For example, some U. S. judges use machine learning systems to help them decide when, and for how long, criminals should be jailed. The system uses computers to examine data from thousands of court cases.

　　One fast-growing area of AI is facial recognition, which is increasingly being used for security purposes. Recently, Atlanta's Hartsfield-Jackson airport became the first in the U. s. to permit passengers to use facial recognition technology to get on flights. A Chinese company showed off an AI system it developed to recognize individuals by body shape and walking movements. The system is already being used by Chinese police in Beijing and Shanghai.

　　In addition, machine learning was used during to predict results of the World Cup soccer competition. The technology also created artwork that sold for a large amount of money. And it is being used to help farmer save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals. Other technology systems are being used to follow farm animals and wildlife to collect information on their activities.

　　1. Why were the two competitions mentioned in the passage?

　　A. To show how much better AI and machine learning are than humans.

　　B. To prove AI and machine Learning got more praise for communication.

　　C. To show how powerful AI and machine Learning are.

　　D. To prove AI and machine learning have been used in the work of U. S. judges.

　　2. What are facial and body recognition systems used for in the passage?

　　A. Knowledge learning.   B. Safety control.   C. Office automation.   D. Tracking survey.

　　3. What can we infer from this passage?

　　A. AI has been widely used in every person's daily life.

　　B. Human can be replaced by AI in future completely.

　　C. More attention is being paid to AI in every part of the world.

　　D. More advanced Al is helping people in more and more areas.

　　4. Where is the text probably from?

　　A. A technology report.      B. A natural science magazine.

　　C. science fiction.           D. A government document.

　　A：【解析】這是一篇說明文。人工智能和機器學習快速發展，機器在一些比賽中超過了人類。除此以外，機器和人工智能被應用于很多領域。

　　1. 推理判斷題。根據第二第三段可知在第一場比賽中，使用人工智能的機器表現得比人類更好；在第二個比賽中，機器人在公開辯論中挑戰人類，結果大多數觀看者認為機器在提高他們對這門學科的知識方面做得更好。這兩個比賽都體現了人工智能和機器學習的強大，選C。

　　2. 細節理解題。根據“One fast-growing area of AI is facial recognition, which is increasingly being used for security purposes.”可知人工智能的一個快速發展的領域是面部識別，它越來越多地被用于安全目的。故選B。

　　3. 推理判斷題。根據“some U. S. judges use machine learning systems to help them decide when,”可知一些美國法官使用機器學習系統來幫助他們決定罪犯應該被監禁的時間和期限，再根據最后兩段可知機器學習和人工智能還被應用于安全監控和預測世界杯足球賽的結果，保護環境等。根據這些可以推斷機器在越來越多的領域幫助著人類，故選D。

　　4. 推理判斷題。本文文章主要是關于人工智能和機器學習的，最有可能是來自于科技報告（A technology report.），故選A。

　　B

　　Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance.These colourful and sweet jewels form British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.

　　Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白質), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物質). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (櫻桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C.

　　When combined with berries of slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat ”ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.

　　If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit.Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.

　　5. What does the author seem to like about cherries?

　　A. They contain protein.      B. They are high in vitamin A.

　　C. They have a pleasant taste.   D. They are rich in antioxidants.

　　6. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?

　　A. To make them smell better. B. To keep their colour.

　　C. To speed up their ripening. D. To improve their nutrition.

　　7. What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?

　　A. A dessert. B. A drink.

　　C. A container. D. A machine.

　　8.From which is the text probably taken?

　　A. A biology textbook. B. A health magazine.

　　C. A research paper. D. A travel brochure.

　　B：【解析】本文是一篇日常生活類說明文。文中講述了人們熱愛水果豐盛的7月，這時候各種水果營養豐富且含有對人體有益的微量元素，尤其是香蕉。我們可以利用它做一些孩子喜歡的甜點或冰淇淋。

　　5.細節理解題。題干問的是，作者喜歡櫻桃什么。根據第二段中As for cherries (櫻桃), they are so delicious who cares?（至于櫻桃，因為它們很好吃誰在乎呢?）可知，作者在乎的是它的美味。故選C。

　　6.細節理解題。根據第三段中的If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.可知，往香蕉上滴新鮮的檸檬汁是為了防止香蕉變成褐色，故新鮮的檸檬汁是被用來保持香蕉的顏色的。故選B。

　　7.詞義猜測題。根據最后一段中they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below可知，孩子們喜歡把一些水果和冷凍的香蕉放入到這臺機器的上部，然后看到冰激凌從下面出來。故可以推出a juicer就是一臺機器。故選D。

　　8.文章出處題。文章首先指出七月是水果盛產的季節，并指出各種水果富含的營養，最后一段指出我們可以用a juicer為孩子們做一些甜點和冰激凌，故最可能是從健康雜志上摘取的文章。A項意為：生物教科書；B項意為：一本健康雜志；C項意為：一篇研究論文；D項意為：一本旅游手冊。故選B。

　　專題3 閱讀理解專題之----推理判斷隱含意義題

　　【設問形式】

　　1.推理判斷隱含意義題常見設問形式：

　　9）It can be inferred/implied from the text that_______.

　　10）What do we know about...?

　　11）We can infer from... that_____.

　　12）What does the author mean that...?

　　....

　　【考查方式】

　　高考閱讀理解隱含意義題要求考生在理解表面文字的基礎上，做出判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意思，也就是通過文章中的文字信息、上下文的邏輯關系及事物的發展變化等已知的信息去推斷出作者沒有直接表達出來的深層意思。推理判斷隱含意義不僅要求考生能夠讀懂文章中的每個句子信息，還要求考生能夠推理他們之間的關系，結合自己的生活常識和經驗，再通過邏輯推理和判斷，準確理解出文章的言外之意，揭示文章的深層含義。

　　推理判斷隱含意義題解題思路：

　　推理判斷隱含意義題的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理時我們務必要忠于原文，在文章中尋找并確定可推論的依據，準確理解文中的已知部分，再結合語境和常識推論出未知部分，作者的言外之意。切忌妄加評論，把自己的觀點當成作者的觀點，不能主觀臆斷。除此之外，還要注意幾個誤區：

　　①原文信息的簡單重復，并不是推斷出來的結論。②文中無關緊要或片面推出的結論。③與文章內容不符的推論或相反的推論。④不合常理或不合邏輯的推論。⑤雖然符合考生的常識，但文中并沒有支撐的依據。所以考生一是要全面分析所有相關信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面結論。二是要忠實原文，切忌脫離原文，憑空臆斷。三是注意不要選擇表層信息答案，應該立足由已知推斷未知。

　　實戰演練

　　【例題】

　　例題1： 全國1  A

　　You probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?

　　Jane Addams(1860-1935)

　　Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社區)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

　　Rachel Carson(1907-1964)

　　If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.

　　Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present)

　　When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(參議員) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.

　　Rosa Parks(1913-)

　　On December 1,1955,in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.31．

　　24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?

　　A. They are highly educated.     B. They are truly creative.

　　C. They are pioneers.           D. They are peace-lovers.

　　解析：C推理判斷題。根據文章對這幾個人物的介紹可知，這些女性都是在各自的領域為社會做出貢獻的先驅。故選C。

　　例題2： 全國2   B

　　Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said: “Make something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes today—and 45minutes each day for the rest of the week.”

　　A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see what the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations.

　　Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.

　　Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, “But I’m just not creative.”

　　“Do you dream at night when you’re asleep?”

　　“Oh, sure.”

　　“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. “That’s pretty creative. Who does that for you?”

　　“Nobody. I do it.”

　　“Really—at night, when you’re asleep?”

　　“Sure.”

　　“Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?”

　　6. What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?

　　A. He liked to help his teacher.B. He preferred to study alone.

　　C. He was active in class.D. He was imaginative.

　　解析：D 推理判斷題。文章第三段第一句中提到的這個男孩在空閑時間拼裝這些玩具，而且他的作品堆滿了藝術教室的架子，家里的臥室里也有很多。第三段倒數第二句“Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work”說明他是一個很有想象力和創造性的人。故D項正確。

　　【舉一反三】

　　A

　　Army Spc. Lauren Jahn gets emotional when talking about it — recalling the time she saw an American flag flying outside her hospital room and couldn’t stand to salute it.

　　＂It really hurt,＂ Jahn says, referring to both the physical and mental pain she was going through. ＂All of the hopes and dreams I had, it takes a while to realize that they’re gone.＂

　　Just a few months before that moment in the hospital, Jahn had joined the U.S. Army. She’d made it through basic training mostly unscathed save for some pain in her shins(脛), something she owed to the concentrated running. When she finally decided to see a doctor about the pain, she expected to get a clean bill of health. Instead she got doctor’s orders for an MRI, and a phone call no one likes to get. The doctor said she needed to discuss her results in person.

　　The day after Thanksgiving in , Jahn found out she had a rare form of bone cancer. Then she had an operation. The following months of recovery were challenging. The single mother of three young children had to fight off depression as she also learned to walk again. She spent six months in a wheelchair.

　　But it was during this time that Jahn found out about fitted sports— things like wheelchair basketball, seated volleyball and track and field — where rules have been changed slightly to let people with disabilities compete on a level playing field. When she decided to try out archery(箭術), she discovered a new passion in life.

　　Jahn took home second place in Archery at the Department of Defense Warrior Games, where CBS News met her. She now has her sights set on qualifying for the Paralympic Games, or even the Summer Olympic Games.

　　＂I want my kids to see that it doesn’t matter what you go through in life, you can still be active, you can still chase your dreams.＂

　　1. How did Jahn feel when her dreams were gone?

　　A. Astonished.B. Disappointed.

　　C. Hurtful.D. Helpless.

　　2. What did Jahn hope to receive while seeing a doctor?

　　A. Doctor’s comfort.B. Lessening the pain of shins.

　　C. Some bills’ rewards.    D. A healthy certificate.

　　3. What happened after Jahn had an operation?

　　A. She nearly broke down.B. She lost her three children.

　　C. She was trapped in a wheelchair.D. She never thought about walking again.

　　4. What does the last paragraph suggest?

　　A. She gets on well with kids.B. All difficulties are temporary.

　　C. She desires to set children an example.D. Life is not easy unless you are active.

　　解析：

　　A：【語篇解讀】本文為記敘文。一位因患骨癌而殘疾的母親努力進行康復訓練，走出了陰影。她學習箭術、刻苦訓練并在比賽中獲得亞軍。

　　1. C【解析】細節理解題。根據第二段中的＂It really hurt＂與 All of the hopes and dreams I had, it takes a while to realize that they’re gone.判斷，當她的夢想破滅時，她很難受。

　　2. D【解析】細節理解題。根據第三段中的 When she finally decided to see a doctor about the pain, she expected to get a clean bill of health.判斷，當 Jahn 去看醫生時，她想收到自己身體健康的證明。

　　3. C 【解析】細節理解題。根據第四段中的“She spent six months in a wheelchair”可知，在手術之后，她被困在輪椅中六個月，故選擇C項，其他選項不符合文意。

　　4. C 【解析】推理判斷題。通讀最后一段可知，Jahn 想告訴她的孩子們，無論生活中經歷了什么，人仍然可以保持樂觀積極，仍然可以追逐自己的夢想。故推斷她希望為孩子們樹立榜樣，故選擇 C 項。

　　B

　　Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building’s end.

　　The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.

　　Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that the theater’s location(位置) was also a reason. ＂This used to be the center of town,＂ he said. ＂Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.＂

　　Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.

　　The theater audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shown its last movie. The theater will be missed.

　　5. In what way was yesterday’s cleanup at the Plaza special?

　　A. It made room for new equipment.

　　B. It signaled the closedown of the theater.

　　C. It was done with the help of the audience.

　　D. It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater.

　　6. Why was The Last Picture Show put on?

　　A. It was an all-time classic.     B. It was about the history of the town.

　　C. The audience requested it.     D. The theater owner found it suitable.

　　7. What will probably happen to the building?

　　A. It will be repaired.      B. It will be turned into a museum.

　　C. It will be knocked down.    D. It will be sold to the city government.

　　8. What can we infer about the audience?

　　A. They are disappointed with Bradford.    B. They are sad to part with the old theater.

　　C. They are supportive of the city officials.  D. They are eager to have a shopping center.

　　B：【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一家具有歷史的劇院因為不利的地理位置和現代劇院的競爭而被轉售的故事。

　　5. B細節理解題。根據首段的最后兩句可知，這次散場后的清理工作與之前不同的是這次清理工人不僅清理走了垃圾，而且還挪走了桌椅和劇院的其他設備，因為劇院已經被轉賣出去了。

　　6. D 推理判斷題。根據第二段最后兩句可知，劇院老板選擇這部電影是因為這部電影本身講述的是小鎮上唯一的電影院即將關門停業的故事，與Plaza Theater情況一樣。

　　7. C 推理判斷題。根據第四段句末中的“which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.”可以推斷出這個劇院即將被拆除，取而代之的是一個現代的購物中心。

　　8. B 推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. ”可知，人們非常難過，不愿看到老劇院被拆掉。

篇2：高考英語閱讀理解技巧優化攻略

　　高考英語：調節心態，靜心閱讀；先題后文，文題結合；根據常識，巧妙排謬；閱讀速度，合理變化；選擇略讀，快速答題；利用跳讀，排除疑難；復讀檢查，確定答案。

　　1. 調節心態，靜心閱讀

　　考生的精神狀態及心理狀況對閱讀理解有很大的影響。若精神狀態佳，心情好，一看到閱讀材料就能馬上進入角色，進行深入的閱讀，從而快速準確地找出答案；反之則亦然。要做好閱讀理解，應注意以下幾點： 首先，考生不要害怕高考，注意調節心態，以一種平常心來參加高考。首先，考生不要害怕高考，注意調節心態，以一種平常心來參加高考。其次，考生須注意考試策略，在靜不下心時，索性把閱讀理解先放到一邊，先做其他的題；或者，干脆把筆放下，閉目養神，休息一會兒，待頭腦清醒后，再按照自己所熟悉的方法，有步驟地靜心閱讀，從而做好閱讀理解題。再次，特別要注意考試前的休息，切不要平時不燒香，臨時抱佛腳。

　　2. 先題后文，文題結合

　　在高考中，閱讀理解短文后面的問題及選項體現了考查要求，因此，考生在做閱讀理解題時應先審題，了解哪些是關于事實性或細節性的問題，哪些又是關于歸納性或推理性的問題。也就是說，考生必須首先明白要解答什么的問題，然后帶著這些問題去閱讀短文，快速找到問題的相關信息。這樣閱讀的目的明確，有的放矢，就會大大縮短閱讀時間，提高理解的正確性。

　　3. 根據常識，巧妙排謬

　　考生在閱讀短文之前首先讀文后的試題及選項，同時應根據我們所學過的政治、經濟、文化、教育、軍事、歷史、地理、物理、化學、生物等知識及生活中的一些經驗和常識對選項進行判斷、推理，排除那些可能性較少的選項，縮小所選范圍，在提高答題的準確性的同時，加快做題的速度。

　　4. 閱讀速度，合理變化

　　在閱讀理解的過程中，同學們必須去掉兩個錯誤認識：一是認為讀得快了就會影響理解；二是如果不把每一個生詞弄懂就不能理解全文。由于這兩個認識，考生對于一篇短文總是細嚼慢咽，逐字逐詞地閱讀，希望理解全文。而事實上，高考中的閱讀是信息性的閱讀，考生必須學會從篇章整體出發，用skimming(略讀)或 scanning(瀏覽)的方法快速閱讀，強化上下文之間的聯系，進行綜合分析，整體理解，抓住文章的主脈，融會貫通。但是，另一方面當考生找到了與問題的相關信息時，對信息部分應該放慢閱讀速度，逐詞逐句地閱讀從而達到對信息的準確把握。

　　5. 選擇略讀，快速答題

　　考生在讀了短文后的試題及選項后，就要快速瀏覽全文。在略讀的同時標出與問題相關的詞、短語及句子，并且對于那些事實性、細節性的簡單問題，可直接選出正確答案。對于推斷性的問題，待到把文章讀完后，再作研究。有時，考生只需把與問題相關的句子、段落讀完就可以了，而后面那些與問題無關的句子、段落就可以不讀，以免浪費時間。

　　6. 利用跳讀，排除疑難

　　考生在進行略讀答題后，對于那些歸納總結性、邏輯推斷性等這樣的間接性、復雜性問題，考生不必復讀全文，而只要skipping(跳讀)那些在略讀過程中所標出的相關的詞句就可以了。考生可用“順讀法”——從相關的句子或相關的段落到問題，或逆讀法”——從問題到相關的句子或相關的段落，跳讀那些與之相關的句子、段落并對它們進行分析、比較、綜合、歸納，從而選出正確答案。

　　7. 復讀檢查，確定答案

　　考生在做完閱讀理解試題后，還應仔細復讀短文，對所選答案進行檢查、核實驗證。一方面，考生對事實和細節的分析、歸納要全面，不要以偏概全；另一方面，考生對文章的分析要深入，挖掘文章的深層意義，不要被表面的意思所迷惑；第三，考生必須緊扣文章的事實和細節，切不可以主觀臆斷代替事實，也不要以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點。對于個別沒有把握的疑難問題，若時間不允許仔細研究時，則根據第一感覺迅速作出決定，不可留有空白。

篇3：高考英語閱讀理解技巧優化攻略

　　考生進入高三之后，“回歸基礎，歸納演繹”是提高自己英語成績的重要保證。首先，依據高考考綱和高考說明要對所學課本進行系統梳理，其次，對一些重點或自身比較薄弱的語法項目內容進行強化復習。關鍵是，在第一階段期間高三學生須花大氣力擴大英語詞匯量，堅持每天閱讀訓練，不斷提升自己的英語閱讀理解能力。

　　進入高三階段之后，考生應根據閱讀理解的命題原則和特點進行下面幾個方面能力的強化：

　　1.講究詞匯記憶質量，提升閱讀理解能力

　　英語閱讀能力高低，關鍵在于詞匯量，所以考生一定要注意詞匯記憶的質量，注意積累和掌握處理詞匯的四個基本能力：①根據構詞法判斷衍生詞、派生詞和合成詞的詞義和詞性的能力；②根據篇章語境和上下文斷定一詞多義、熟詞生義的語言能力；③嫻熟掌握篇章中語言借代的現象；④準確判斷與閱讀理解密切相關的一些語言功能現象，如：邏輯連詞，遞進銜接詞和語法連接詞。

　　2.精讀泛讀相互融合，確保能力開闊視野

　　精讀的目的是：弄清每個詞匯的確切含義和其語言功能，整體把握篇章，了解謀篇布局和熟悉作者的語言結構。通過精讀反過來促進詞匯記憶和應用，同時又能達到學習他人的寫作目的。

　　泛讀的目的是：堅持每天讀一點，旨在開闊視野，增加英美文化背景知識，擴大知識面有助于提升閱讀理解能力，以此不斷豐富自己處理語言現象的能力。

　　3.正確掌握閱讀速度，強化閱讀理解精度

　　近年來的高考閱讀篇章的篇幅較長，對考生的閱讀速度和理解的精度要求較高。因此，考生應采用正確的閱讀方法，把自己的關注力集中在語義上，準確領會作者的寫作意圖為閱讀第一要素。應用“意群理解”的閱讀方式，多用略讀、跳讀、掃讀和回讀的快捷方法，在最短的時間內找尋關鍵詞、主題句及作者意圖等重要信息。為提高閱讀速度，最好堅持有針對性的限時閱讀訓練策略的強化，提升閱讀速度的同時又能把握閱讀理解的精度。

　　針對高考閱讀理解的命題原則和思路，建議考生應在閱讀理解策略上多下功夫，動動點子。針對高考閱讀理解設題思路，考生可根據不同題型采用不同策略。

　　①主旨大意題——“篇章首尾兼顧”策略

　　這類題稱之為“主題句定位原則”，通常可在文章首段的第一句或段落的首尾句找到主旨大意的關鍵詞語。

　　②綜合細節題——“語義類似定位”策略

　　今年高考的綜合細節題多運用同義解釋或反義轉換形式，側重考查考生的語言的理解和把握能力，故解題時宜采用相關同義或反義表述搜尋策略即可。

　　③推測判斷題——“因果關聯定位”策略

　　這類題為“依據事實推測未知結論”的類型理解題，解題時須遵循客觀規律，符合邏輯推理，根據已知事實依據判定動作趨勢和相關結果的因果關聯思考。

　　④最佳標題題——“中心詞+概括性詞語”策略

　　這類題的詞語短而精煉，解題時應遵循“概括性詞語加上中心詞”的搭配原則，這類題的短語構成具有概括性、針對性和醒目性的特點。

　　⑤作者意圖題——“尾段言語定位”策略

　　這類題主要考查考生能否正確判定作者為何寫這篇文章，他對所描述的事件的真正看法是什么，所以，解題時重點關注短文的最后一段含有結論性的詞語就能獲得關鍵信息詞語。

篇4：高考英語閱讀理解技巧優化攻略

高考英語閱讀理解的技巧和方法

在高考中英語考試中比較難的占分值比較多的內容就是英語閱讀理解了，想要提高英語閱讀理解的成績，那么就要在平時的時候掌握科學的答題技巧，下面小編為大家提供高考英語閱讀理解的技巧和方法，希望對大家有所幫助。

在做英語閱讀理解之前先瀏覽一遍

在做英語閱讀理解的時候想要更好的對文章理解，那么就需要對文章先大體的瀏覽一遍，在瀏覽的過程中將文章的人物、時間、地點著重理解，也就是對文章的主線內容著重了解，有利于大家在做題的時候不會偏理方向，把握文章的中心思想，在后邊定位的時候也能夠更好的找到閱讀理解的答案。

根據閱讀理解選項定位文章

在做英語閱讀理解的過程中，可以通過文章的問題從而定位文章，一般英語閱讀理解的題干和選項之間是因果關系，對文章的人物、時間、地點進行的考察，在做英語閱讀理解的過程中有的時候通過題干的閱讀能夠對文章的主體內容更好的了解，通過問題的提問回到文章中去找出對應的段落，將其進行整合、分析和對比，從而得出正確答案。

英語閱讀理解猜測題意題聯系上下文

篇5：高考英語閱讀理解技巧優化攻略

　　一.高考閱讀的基本解題思路：

　　第一，掃描提干，劃關鍵項。

  　第二， 通讀全文，抓住中心。

　　1. 通讀全文，抓兩個重點：

　　①首段（中心句、核心概念常在第一段，常在首段出題）；

　　②其他各段的段首和段尾句。（其他部分略讀，有重點的讀）

　　2. 抓住中心，用一分半時間思考3個問題：

　　①文章敘述的主要內容是什么？

　　②文章中有無提到核心概念？

　　③作者的大致態度是什么？

　　第三，仔細審題，返回原文。（仔細看題干，把每道題和原文的某處建立聯系，掛起鉤）

　　定位原則：

　　①通常是由題干出發，使用尋找關鍵詞定位原則。（關鍵詞：大寫字母、地名、時間、數字等）

　　②自然段定位原則。出題的順序與行文的順序是基本一致的，一般每段對應一題。

　　要樹立定位意識，每一題、每一選項都要回到原文中某一處定位。

　　第四，重疊選項，得出答案。（重疊原文=對照原文）

　　1. 通過題干返回原文：判斷四個選項，抓住選項中的關鍵詞，把選項定位到原文的某處比較，重疊選項，選出答案。

　　2.作題練習要求：要有選一個答案的理由和其余三個不選的理由

　　二.閱讀理解的解題技巧

　　1.例證題 ：

　　① 例證題的標記。當題干中出現example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify 時。

　　② 返回原文，找出該例證所在的位置，既給該例子定位。

　　③ 搜索該例證周圍的區域，90%向上，10%向下，找出該例證支持的觀點。例子周圍具有概括抽象性的表達通常就是它的論點。

　　注意：舉例的目的是為了支持論點或是為了說明主題句。舉例后馬上問這個例子說明了什么問題？不能用例子中的話來回答這個問題。

　　④ 找出該論點，并與四個選項比較，得出選項中與該論點最一致的答案。

　　⑤ 例證題錯誤答案設計的干擾特征經常是：就事論事。

　　即用例子中的某一內容拉出來讓你去選。（╳）

　　要求：在閱讀中，遇到長的例子，立即給這個例子定位，即找出起始點，從哪開始到哪結束。

　　2.指代題 ：

　　① 返回原文，找出出題的指代詞。

  　② 向上搜索，找最近的名詞、名詞性短語或句子（先從最近點開始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不會離得太遠）。

　　③ 將找到的詞、詞組或句子的意思代入替換該指代詞，看其意思是否通順。

    ④ 將找到的詞、詞組或句子與四個選項進行比較，找出最佳答案。

　　3. 詞匯題 ：“搜索代入”法

　　① 返回原文，找出該詞匯出現的地方。

　　② 確定該詞匯的詞性  

　　③ 從上下文（詞匯的前后幾句）中找到與所給詞匯具有相同詞性的詞（如一下子找不到就再往上往下找），代入所給詞匯在文章中的位置（將之替換）看語義是否合適

　　④ 找出選項中與代替詞意思相同或相近的選相，即答案

　　注意：

　　a.如果該詞匯是簡單詞匯，則其字面意思必然不是正確答案。

　　b.高考閱讀不是考察字認識不認識，而是考察是否能根據上下文作出正確的判斷。

　　c.詞匯題的正確答案經常蘊藏在原文該詞匯出現的附近。注意不能靠單詞詞義直接往下推。

　　d.尋找時要注意同位語、特殊標點（比如分號，分號前后兩句話的邏輯關系不是形式上的并列就是語義上的并列，也就是兩句話的意思相同，所以可用其中一句話的意思來推測    另一句話的意思從而推出所給詞匯含義）、定語從句、前后綴，特別要注意尋找時的同性原則。比如：讓猜一個名詞詞組（動詞詞組）的意思，我們就向上向下搜索名詞詞組（動詞詞組）。

  　隱蔽型詞匯題：題干與原文的某句完全重合，只有一兩個詞被替換掉。隱蔽型詞匯題的做法跟詞匯題的做法幾乎一樣，往上往下找。

　　4.句子理解題 ：

  　 ① 返回原文找到原句。

   　② 對原句進行語法和詞義的精確分析（找主干），應該重點抓原句的字面含義。若該句的字面含義不能確定，則依據上下文進行判斷。注意：局部含義是由整體決定的。

     ③ 一般來說，選項中的正確答案與原句意思完全相同，只不過用其他英語詞匯換種表達而已。

     ④ 句子理解題的錯誤選項干擾項特征：推得過遠。做題時應把握住推的度。

     思路： 對句子微觀分析? 不行就依據上下文? 選擇時不要推得過遠。

　　5.推理題 ：“最近原則”

  　① 標志： learn, infer, imply, inform

    ② 看是否可以通過題干返回原文或依據選項返回原文。一般要圍繞文中的一兩個重點進行推理。推理題無論通過題干能不能定位，我們都要把它固化到文章的一兩點上。

    ③ 依據原文的意思進行三錯一對的判斷。先不要進行推理，若有一個選項跟原文的意思一模一樣，則該選項必然是正確答案。推理題不是考察我們的想象力，它實際是考察我們原文中的某幾個點如一個、兩個點所涉及的問題我們讀透了沒有。因此，不推的比推的好；推的近的比推的遠的要好。

    ④ 推理題的最近答案原則：不推的要比推的好，推的近的要比推的遠的好，直接推出的要比間接推的好。(原文的某句話變個說法)

    注意：做題時不能想得太多，推得過遠。是否把原文讀懂才是關鍵。

　　6.主旨題 ： “串線摘帽”

　　即在自然段少的時候串串線，串線法解不出來時，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。

  　① 主旨題的標志：mainly about, mainly discuss, the best title

    ② 串線法：抓首段和其余各段的第一句話，把其意思連接成一個整體。要注意總結性的提示詞和轉折詞，特別要注意中心句。（主要針對自然段少的文章；針對自然段多的文章，主旨題最好聯系中心句。找一個和中心句最貼近的）

    ③ 小心首段陷阱。

    ④ 主旨題錯誤選項的干擾特征經常是：

     ⑴ 局部信息，即選項的內容小于文章的內容；

     ⑵ 范圍過寬，即選項的內容大于文章的內容。

    ⑤逆向思維法、快速作文法：在兩個選項看上去都十分正確無法選擇時，試著從選項出發，想象一下如果自己以此選項來寫文章會有那些內容，然后把它與文章的內容比較，接近的即為正確選項。

　　7. 作者態度題 ：

    ① 標志：attitude

    ② 應精確理解四個選項的含義。

    ③ 不要摻雜自己的觀點。

    ④ 可以尋找文中一些具有感情色彩的詞。如：fortunately, excessively, too many.

    ⑤ 舉例的方式。

    ⑥ 抓論述的主線。把第一段讀透，把其他各段的段首段尾句拉出來，看整個文章的謀篇結構。

    ⑦ 做作者態度題時特別注意：首先看清楚是誰對誰的態度。

　　8. 判斷題 ：

  　①看可否通過四個選項具體化到文中一點或者根據自然段原則定位。

  　②每個選項都應返回原文，不能憑主觀印象進行判斷。

  　③要重點抓是“三錯一對”還是“三對一錯”的關系（做題是要看清題目）。

　　9. 細節題 ：

   　看完題目回到原文，重疊原文，得出答案

　　10.重點題型中的幾個問題：

  　① 詞匯題：字面意思不是答案，要根據上下文推測其深刻含義

  　② 句子理解題：一般不要求推理，只看句子本身。

  　③ 推理題：答案很大程度上是原文的重現，不一定非要經過邏輯推理從原文中得出。

　　11. 正確答案的特征：

    ① 正確答案經常與中心思想有關。

    ② 正確答案的位置，最常見的三個位置是：段首段尾處、轉折處、因果處。

    ③ 正確答案經常運用的原則是：同義替換、正話反說、反話正說。

    ④ 從語氣角度來看，正確答案中經常含有不肯定的語氣詞和委婉表達的用詞。如：can, may, might, possible, not necessarily, some.

    ⑤ 正確答案經常具有概括性、深刻性，不能只見樹木不見森林。

　　12. 錯誤答案的特征：

　　第一大層次：

　　① 無中生有 （未提及的概念）；

　　② 正反混淆 （選項的意思跟原文的意思正好相反）；

　　③ 所答非所問 （雖然選項的說法沒有問題，符合原文，但和題干搭不上邊）

　　第二大層次：

　　① 過分絕對；

　　② 擴大范圍（注意隱蔽型的擴大范圍mostly）；

　　③ 因果倒置；

　　④ 常識判斷；

　　⑤ 推得過遠；

　　⑥ 偏離中心；

　　⑦ 變換詞性。

　　常識判斷：如果一個選項僅僅符合常識，不一定是正確答案，還要看文章中類似的意思有沒有出現；如果一個選項不符合常識，一定不是正答案。能夠不由自主地按照正確的思路解題了，才表明我們正確掌握了這些技巧。

篇6：高考英語閱讀理解技巧優化攻略

　　閱讀理解是英語考試的重點，得英語閱讀者得英語天下，這些都毋庸置疑。小編給大家分享一些關于高考英語閱讀理解技巧優化攻略，希望對大家有所幫助。

　　1、高考英語閱讀理解答題方法和技巧

　　1.通讀全文，掌握大意。做閱讀理解題一定要學會通過從整體上理解短文的大意及中心思想，領會出題人的意圖。

　　切忌人為地將短文搞得支離破碎，逐詞逐句地去感知材料，看一句或幾句做一個題目，這樣會影響答題的正確率。但是對于一些長句和難句要作語法分析，以便掌握短文的大意和每個句子的確切含義。

　　2.細審題意，獲取信息。在審題時要弄清楚試題問的是細節(如人物、時間、地點);還是主題大意;是事實還是觀點;是從正面問還是從反面問。

　　看清試題后，帶著問題再回到正文中去尋找有關的句子、段落，獲取重要的信息。然后把所獲得的信息點與所給的答案逐一進行認真地比較，以便作出正確的判斷。

　　3.分層推理，正確答題。有些理解題可以直接從短文中找到答案，有些深層次的理解題在短文中找不到直接的信息點，要經過分析推理，從已有的信息鏈中判斷文章的意思。

　　即應以短文中提供的間接信息點為依據，根據作者的意圖，憑借你們自己的社會文化知識和生活經驗，加進短文中所沒有明確表述的卻又與主題有聯系的思想和信息，進行合乎邏輯的推理，從而確定正確的選項。

　　2、高考英語閱讀理解如何提高成績

　　1. 調整心態，冥想閱讀

　　考生的心理狀態和心理狀態對閱讀理解有很大的影響。如果你的精神狀態很好，心情愉快，一看到閱讀材料，就可以立即進入角色，深入閱讀，以便快速準確地找出答案;反之亦然。

　　2. 文本前的主題，文本與主題的結合

　　在高考中，文章后面的問題和選項反映了考試的要求，因此，考生應先考查閱讀理解題，你知道什么是事實或細節，哪一個是論歸納推理問題。

　　3. 根據常識，巧妙的謬誤

　　在閱讀文章之前，考生應該先閱讀文章后面的問題和選項，同時，我們應該所政治學、經濟、文化、教育、軍事的、歷史、地理、物理、化學、生物學知識和一些生活經驗和常識來判斷選擇、推理，排除可能性較小的選項，狹窄的所選擇范圍，提高答題的準確性，加快問題解決的速度。

　　4. 閱讀速度，合理變動

　　在閱讀理解過程中，學生必須擺脫兩種誤解：一是認為快速閱讀會影響理解;二是如果你不懂每一個生詞，你就不可能聽懂全文。

篇7：高考英語閱讀理解技巧優化攻略

　　高中英語閱讀理解四類題型的提問方式及解題技巧總結。

　　1.細節題型

　　【提問方式】Wh-特殊問句； From the text...,According to...,True/not true,劃線詞語、句子，簡單計算、排列事件順序、識圖等。

　　【解題方法】抓住提問中的關鍵字眼，仔細閱讀相關細節的材料內容，一般可以在短文中直接找到或稍加歸納就可以找到正確答案。

　　注意排除下列干擾項：

　　(1)擴縮范圍

　　文章為了表達得準確嚴密，很注意對范圍的限定。有的是通過加上相應的詞語限制，如涉及到數量時常用many,almost all,nearly,more than,over,only a few,normally等限制.有些干擾項是通過改變或去掉限定詞語，甚至是擴大或縮小了語言范圍。

　　(2)偷換概念

　　命題者設計試題時往往把原文的概念偷換成另一個不同的概念。望文生義是造成錯誤的主要原因。

　　(3)正誤并存

　　在一干擾項中，某個句子或詞語是正確的，其他分句或詞語是錯誤的或表達不全面，正誤并存，命題者借此以假亂真。要排除這類干擾項，只要一個選項局部有誤或選項不全面，都屬排除的干擾項。

　　2.主旨大意題型

　　【提問方式】What' s the topic/subject of the text/the second paragraph？

　　What is stated in...? The text is cheifly concerned with___。

　　【解題方法】

　　(1)最常用的方法是仔細研讀短文的1、2兩句-----即短文的主題句，或輔以閱讀各段的第1、2句----即段落中心句。此方法多適用于說明文、議論文。

　　(2)記敘文等需要通讀全文，抓住關鍵事或論題來歸納意思(常說明一個道理)。

　　(3)全文末尾(段)找答案。此類文章的特點是以列舉事實開頭，通過論證，最后闡述核心觀點。

　　在處理文章標題的選擇時，要避免下列三種錯誤：①概括不夠(多表現為部分代整體，從而導致范圍太小)；②過度概括(多表現為人為擴大范圍)；③以事實或細節代替抽象具體的大意。

　　3.推理判斷題型

　　【提問方式】

　　The story suggests that___________. It can be inferred that___________。

　　The story implies that ___________. It can be concluded that ___________。

　　We can learn that___________。

　　【解題方法】推斷題是考查學生透過文章表面的文字信息進行分析、綜合、歸納等邏輯推理的能力。學生不僅要弄懂文章的字面意思，更重要的是要知道文章的潛在涵義。

　　【注意點】

　　(1)那些文章中直接陳述的內容不能選，要選擇根據文章推理出來的選項。

　　(2)推理不是憑空猜測，而是立足已知推斷未知；作出正確答案時一定要在文中找到依據或理由。

　　(3)不能以自己的觀點代替作者的想法；不要脫離原文主觀臆斷。

　　4.詞義猜測題

　　①利用構詞法猜詞；

　　②利用語境及邏輯關系猜詞。有時完全可以利用上下文語境和前后句之間的并列、因果、轉折、對比、解釋定義和舉例等關系來猜測詞義。同時特別留心某些詞語，

　　例如：or, that is, in other words, including, although, but, or, even if, on the other hand, on the contrary, other than, rather than, more than, instead of等詞語之后的內容。